Heart Disease

 

What is heart disease? 

Heart disease refers to certain conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. Today, heart disease is one of the most common causes of death and includes conditions such as arrhythmia, coronary artery disease and congenital heart problems. Heart attack and heart failure are the two most common types of heart disease worldwide.

What are the main signs and symptoms?

 Symptoms associated with atherosclerosis include:

•  Chest tightness, pain (common in men) and discomfort (common in women).
•  Shortness of breath. Chest pain that spreads to the jaw, neck, back and lower abdomen. 
• Numbness of hands and feet, pain and weakness.

Symptoms associated with arrhythmias are:

•  Feeling a throbbing in the chest. 
• Chest throbbing and head horse.
•  Tachycardia (rapid heartbeat). 
• Bradycardia (slow heartbeat). 
• Shortness of breath.            

 Symptoms associated with heart failure or heart failure are: 

• In the case of children, pale, and bluish skin color.
•  In the case of babies, reluctance to eat may occur due to difficulty in breathing during feeding, so there is a possibility of weight loss.
•  Swelling of the hands, feet, and stomach.
•  One can easily feel tired after exercise or certain physical activities.

Symptoms associated with heart infection are: 

• Sweating or feeling cold at night. 
• Cough. 
• Murmur. 
• Pain in the chest, lower abdomen, fingers and toes.

What are the main reasons for this? 

The causes of heart disease vary according to the type of disease and include: 

• Atherosclerotic heart disease: unhealthy eating, lazy lifestyle, weight gain and smoking. 
• Arrhythmias: Innate (present from birth) heart defects, diabetes, high blood pressure, drug use, smoking and stress. 
• Cardiac Defects: Certain medical or physical conditions or genetic factors affect the development of the fetal heart.
• Heart Infection: Caused by germs, viruses or parasites that reach the heart through the bloodstream. Rheumatic heart disease, syphilis, valvular heart disease and heart surgery or oral cavity make the heart more susceptible to infection.

How is it diagnosed and treated? 

Some more tests along with history and physical examination help diagnose heart disease.

 The experiments include: 

• Blood tests to assess cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
• Stress test. 
• Electrocardiogram (ECG). 
• Echocardiogram (Today Echo). 
• Tilt test.
•  Electrophysiological test. 
• Coronary angiogram. 
• CT (computer tomography) scan.

The treatment of heart disease involves some lifestyle changes in addition to medications. Avoid smoking and excessive drinking. Your doctor may recommend that you eat a low-fat diet and exercise or walk for at least 30 minutes each day. Medications need to be taken in order to lower high blood pressure and lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

Depending on the type and extent of the disease, your doctor may recommend surgery. If there is a blockage in the arteries of the heart, a metal stent (angioplasty) may need to be placed on the heart, or a new blood vessel may be created by inserting a clear blood vessel from the leg or chest area (graft) (bypass surgery).

                            Thank You

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