Sexually Transmitted Disease

What is a sexually transmitted disease?

 Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), or venereal disease, also known as venereal disease, is a type of disease that is caused by infection during sexual intercourse. Worldwide, more than 1 million people are diagnosed with STDs each year, according to the World Health Organization. In India, 30-35 million STDs are reported every year.

What are its main signs and symptoms?

 Most of the time, the symptoms of STDs are not obvious. Common clinical signs and symptoms of STD include: 

• Abnormal discharge from the genitals Wounds
•  or abscesses or small swellings around the genital area 
• Discomfort during urination 
• Bad smelling vaginal discharge 
• Rising body temperature 
• Sexual discomfort

What is the main reason for this? 

STDs are mainly for the reasons mentioned below:

•  Bacterial invasion: e.g., chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis

•  Viral diseases such as HIV, human papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis B. 

• Parasitic infections

How is it diagnosed and treated?

 The doctor may prescribe a physical examination, medical history and laboratory examination. Depending on the type of infection, additional tests may be prescribed, such as: 

• Quick HIV test 

• ELISA 

• Evaluation of vaginal / penile discharge

Treatment of STDs includes treatment of the underlying infection. Depending on the bacterial, viral or fungal origin of STDs, medications such as antibiotics, antivirals or antifungals are used to treat STDs. 

Preventing STDs is easier than treating STDs. STDs can be prevented through the methods mentioned below :

• Condom use prevents STDs from spreading. 

• It is advisable not to have sex until the STD is cured. 

• Women should avoid douching because it damages the normal vaginal environment which protects the vagina from infection. 

• Some vaccines, such as the HPV vaccine, are very effective in preventing this type of infection.

• Having sex with more than one partner can increase the risk of STDs so it is important to avoid it. Mutual monogamy, that is, having sex with a partner can prevent such infections. 

• It is recommended that both partners be tested for STDs.

STDs can spread among partners if proper care is not taken. These are preventable diseases that can be avoided with proper awareness of the disease.

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